Water treatment refers to the physical and chemical measures taken to achieve a certain standard of water quality for use. The minimum standards for drinking water are formulated by the environmental protection department. Industrial water has its own requirements. The physical characteristics of water, such as temperature, color, transparency, odor, and taste, are the basic criteria for judging the quality of water. The chemical properties of water, such as acidity, dissolved solids concentration, and oxygen content, are also important criteria for judging water quality. For example, in some grasslands, the concentration of completely soluble solids in natural water can reach up to 1000 milligrams per liter, while Canada requires that the concentration of completely soluble solids in drinking water should not exceed 500 milligrams per liter, and many industrial waters also require a concentration not exceeding 200 milligrams per liter. This type of water, even if its physical properties meet the requirements, cannot be used casually. In addition, the content of radioactive elements from nature, nuclear accidents, and nuclear power plants is also an important characteristic that must be monitored.
The purpose of water treatment is to improve water quality to meet certain water quality standards. According to different treatment methods, there are various types such as physical water treatment, chemical water treatment, and biological water treatment. According to the different objects or purposes of treatment, there are two main categories: water treatment and wastewater treatment. Water treatment includes two types: domestic drinking water treatment and industrial water treatment; Wastewater treatment can be divided into domestic wastewater treatment and industrial wastewater treatment. Among them, boiler feedwater treatment, feedwater treatment, turbine main condensate treatment, and circulating water treatment, which belong to the category of industrial water treatment, are particularly closely related to thermal technology. Water treatment is of great significance for developing industrial production, improving product quality, protecting the human environment, and maintaining ecological balance.
Water treatment includes two types: sewage treatment and drinking water treatment. In some places, sewage treatment is further divided into two types, namely sewage treatment and reclaimed water reuse. The commonly used water treatment agents include polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum ferric chloride, basic aluminum chloride, polyacrylamide, activated carbon, and various filter media.